Crafting Sustainable Futures for Religious Destinations : A Research Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2025/v18i2/174164Keywords:
religious
, tourism, food, regenerative, sustainability, destination branding.JEL Classification Codes
, Q01, Z12, Z32Paper Submission Date
, September 5, 2024, Paper sent back for Revision, January 22, 2025, Paper Acceptance Date, January 30, Paper Published Online, February 15, 2025Abstract
Purpose : The research perspective addressed the sustainability challenges by looking into the multifaced motives of religious tourists and how these influenced the sustainability of religious destinations. Some gaps were identified regarding the interplay between tourist behavior, destination branding, and sustainability.
Methodology : This perspective drew upon literature insights and expert interviews through Scopus-indexed research papers, industry data from Statista and The Business Research Report, and critical reflections. The analysis was based on the discussions of 15 experts, including academics, marketers, and policymakers, highlighting research gaps in governance and sustainability in religious tourism branding.
Findings : The paper identified regenerative tourism, emphasizing destination quality improvements as a transformational response to degradation and overuse of resources. Food tourism was also found as a suitable alternative for consumption, aligned with cultural and sustainability objectives.
Implications : The findings provided actionable strategies for destination marketers and policymakers in integrating sustainability into destination branding and governance structures. This perspective is aligned with global sustainable development goals, providing a foundation for future research and interventions to ensure the long-term resilience and viability of religious destinations.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
References
Ahachmi, M., Tamanine, R., Lahfidi, A., Bredart, X., & Houssass, M. (2024). Sustainable tourism and destination resilience: A symbiotic relationship based on dynamic capabilities? International Journal of Accounting, Finance, Auditing, Management & Economics, 5(5), 130–149. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11154800
Bellato, L., Frantzeskaki, N., & Nygaard, C. A. (2023). Regenerative tourism: A conceptual framework leveraging theory and practice. Tourism Geographies, 25(4), 1026–1046. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2022.2044376
Choe, J. (2021). Review of: Religious tourism and the environment. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 8(8), Article no. 13. https://doi.org/10.21427/82cs-sb95
Clarke, A., & Raffay, A. (2016). Religion, local produce and sustainability at religious sites in Hungary. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 3(2), Article no. 3. https://doi.org/10.21427/D7MM81
Cortese, F., D'Ambrosio, I., & Petracca, M. (2019). A possible synergy between culture and religion for the sustainability of tourism of Pompeii. Sustainability, 11(8), 2231. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082231
Cugini, A. (2021). Religious tourism and sustainability: From devotion to spiritual experience. In F. Grasso & B. S. Sergi (eds.), Tourism in the Mediterranean Sea (pp. 55–73). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-900-920211006
Dredge, D. (2022). Regenerative tourism: Transforming mindsets, systems and practices. Journal of Tourism Futures, 8(3), 269–281. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-01-2022-0015
Huang, K., & Pearce, P. (2019). Visitors' perceptions of religious tourism destinations. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 14, Article ID 100371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.100371
Hussain, A. (2021). A future of tourism industry: Conscious travel, destination recovery and regenerative tourism. Journal of Sustainability and Resilience, 1(1), Article no. 5. https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/jsr/vol1/iss1/5
Kim, S., Lehto, X., & Kandampully, J. (2019). The role of familiarity in consumer destination image formation. Tourism Review, 74(4), 885–901. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-10-2018-0141
Kurmanaliyeva, Rysbekova, S., Duissenbayeva, A., & Izmailov, I. (2014). Religious tourism as a sociocultural phenomenon of the present “The unique sense today is a universal value tomorrow. This is the way religions are created and values are made.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 143, 958–963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.534
Liao, Y. K., Wu, W. Y., Truong, G. N., Binh, P. N., & Van Vu, V. (2021). A model of destination consumption, attitude, religious involvement, satisfaction, and revisit intention. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 27(3), 330–345. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766721997516
Lin, H.-H., Ling, Y., Lin, J.-C., & Liang, Z.-F. (2021). Research on the development of religious tourism and the sustainable development of rural environment and health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2731. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052731
Mariani, M., & Okumus, B. (2022). Features, drivers, and outcomes of food tourism. British Food Journal, 124(2), 401–405. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-02-2022-022
Mishra, A., & Ojha, N. K. (2014). Need of marketing of India as a tourist destination: Evaluation of India's performance in tourism. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 7(8), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2014/v7i8/59360
Nag, A., & Mishra, S. (2025). Heritage-led destination management: Strategies for competitive advantage. In R. Alkier, G. Catenazzo, V. Milojica, & A. Zajac (eds.), Cases on effective destination management (pp. 285–324). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1548-4.ch013
Ng, S. I., Lee, J. A., & Soutar, G. N. (2007). Tourists' intention to visit a country: The impact of cultural distance. Tourism Management, 28(6), 1497–1506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.11.005
Nunkoo, R. (2017). Governance and sustainable tourism: What is the role of trust, power and social capital? Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 6(4), 277–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.10.003
Nyaupane, G. P., Timothy, D. J., & Poudel, S. (2015). Understanding tourists in religious destinations: A social distance perspective. Tourism Management, 48, 343–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.12.009
Pageh, I. M., Rahmawati, P. I., Delacy, T., & Jiang, M. (2022). Ancient religious sites as tools for sustainable tourism development: An empirical study in the North of Bali. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 10(1), Article no. 8. https://doi.org/10.21427/fv1n-2236
Rebuya, N. R., Lasarte, E. S., Amador, M. M., & De la Roca, G. R. (2020). Assessing religious tourism motivational factors and experiences of visitors to selected religious sites in Camarines Sur, Philippines. Open Access Library Journal, 7, Article ID e6406. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106404
Romanelli, M., Gazzola, P., Grechi, D., & Pollice, F. (2021). Towards a sustainability-oriented religious tourism. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 38(3), 386–396. https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2791
Shankar, R. S., Koshy, E. R., Jose, J., & Sakshi, S. (2022). Structural relationship between cognitive image, destination personality and tourists motivation. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Systems, 15(2), p. 13.
Shankar, S. R. (2020). Impact of cognitive and affective image on tourists' travel motivation. Indian Journal of Marketing, 50(5–7), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2020/v50/i5-7/152118
Shankar, S. R. (2021). A research note: More to ponder on the perspectives of sustainability of tourism destinations. Indian Journal of Marketing, 51(2), 60–66. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2021/v51/i2/157551
Shankar, S. R. (2022). Emerging food tourism in India : Are foodscape destinations strategically branded? A perspective. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 15(11), 63–67. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2022/v15i11/172523
Shankar, S. R., & Raj, J. P. (2022). Multifaceted destination personality traits: A short communication on understanding from tourists' perspective. Indian Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2022/v52/i3/168657
Shekhar, Singh, P., & Shekhar, S. (2023). Sustainable tourism research in India: A review study. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 16(4), 8–27. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2023/v16i4/170747
Singh, P., Singh, A. K., Singh, A. K., & Ansari, I. A. (2023). What shapes visitor experience at religious destinations? Deploying a systematic review to identify visitor experience constructs. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 11(1), Article no. 3. https://doi.org/10.21427/EWAY-NE90
Singh, S. P., Sajnani, M., & Arora, G. K. (2023). Circular economy of tourism in Delhi. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 16(12), 28–39. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2023/v16i12/173246
Sirirat, P. (2019). Spiritual tourism as a tool for sustainability: A case study of Nakhon Phanom province, Thailand. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 7(3), Article no. 9. https://arrow.tudublin.ie/ijrtp/vol7/iss3/9
Statista Research Department. (2024, September 4). Global tourism industry - statistics & facts. Statista. https://www.statista.com/topics/962/global-tourism/
The Business Research Company. (2025). Religious Tourism Global Market Report 2025 – By type (domestic, international), by religion type (Buddhism, Catholicism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, other religion types), by age group (below 30 years, 30-40 years, 40-50 years, above 50 years), by sales channel (offline, online) – Market size, trends, and global forecast 2025–2034. https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/report/religious-tourism-global-market-report
Thomas, S., White, G. R., & Samuel, A. (2018). To pray and to play: Post-postmodern pilgrimage at Lourdes. Tourism Management, 68, 412–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.03.021
Wang, Y., Han, L., & Ma, X. (2022). International tourism and economic vulnerability. Annals of Tourism Research, 94, Article ID 103388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2022.103388