Impact of Geopolitical Risks on the Stock Market : Evidence from Large, Mid, and Small-Cap Stocks

Authors

  •   Muhammadriyaj Faniband Ph.D. Research Scholar, Institute of Infrastructure, Technology, Research and Management (IITRAM), Ahmedabad - 380 026, Gujarat
  •   Pravin Jadhav Assistant Professor, Institute of Infrastructure, Technology, Research and Management (IITRAM), Ahmedabad - 380 026, Gujarat

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2023/v12i2/173180

Keywords:

geopolitical risks

, stock market, large-cap, mid-cap, small-cap, quantile regression, India

JEL Classification Codes

, C21, D81, E6, G12

Paper Submission Date

, March 1, 2023, Paper sent back for Revision, April 15, Paper Acceptance Date, May 5, 2023

Abstract

Purpose : This paper studied the impact of geopolitical risks (GPR) in the top 10 economies on India's large-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap stocks.

Methodology : For the investigation, we employed the quantile regression technique using a monthly dataset from January 2004 to December 2020.

Findings : We discovered some extremely interesting and valuable outcomes. First, geopolitical risk threats (GPRT) and China had a significant impact; additionally, GPR, geopolitical risks acts (GPRA), France, Germany, India, and the UK had a considerable impact; Canada, Japan, South Korea, and the USA had negligible impacts; and Italy had no impact on large-cap and mid-cap stocks. Second, GPRT and China had a significant impact; GPR, GPRA, India, and the United Kingdom had a considerable impact; and Canada, France, and Germany had a minimal impact on small-cap stocks. The aggregate impact of global and country-specific GPR on Indian LMS stocks was not homogeneous, showing that GPR in these economies did not uniformly influence Indian LMS stocks.

Practical Implications : Our findings could assist investors in identifying market patterns, managing portfolio risk, anticipating probable stock market changes, and adjusting their investing plan accordingly. By implementing our results into their investing strategy, investors might be able to earn higher returns or minimize risk, and improve their total investment performance.

Originality : As far as we know, this is the first study that looked at the impact of GPR in the top 10 economies on Indian large-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap equities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Downloads

Published

2023-06-30

How to Cite

Faniband, M., & Jadhav, P. (2023). Impact of Geopolitical Risks on the Stock Market : Evidence from Large, Mid, and Small-Cap Stocks. Arthshastra Indian Journal of Economics & Research, 12(2), 38–54. https://doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2023/v12i2/173180

References

Adebayo, T. S., Akadiri, S. S., & Rjoub, H. (2022). On the relationship between economic policy uncertainty, geopolitical risk and stock market returns in South Korea: A quantile causality analysis. Annals of Financial Economics, 17(1), 2250008. https://doi.org/10.1142/S2010495222500087

Ahmad, K. M., Ashraf, S., & Ahmed, S. (2005). Is the Indian stock market integrated with the US and Japanese markets?: An empirical analysis. South Asia Economic Journal, 6(2), 193-206. https://doi.org/10.1177/139156140500600202

Alqahtani, A., Bouri, E., & Vo, X. V. (2020). Predictability of GCC stock returns: The role of geopolitical risk and crude oil returns. Economic Analysis and Policy, 68, 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2020.09.017

Antonakakis, N., Gupta, R., Kollias, C., & Papadamou, S. (2017). Geopolitical risks and the oilstock nexus over 1899-2016. Finance Research Letters, 23, 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2017.07.017

Aysan, A. F., Demir, E., Gozgor, G., & Lau, C. K. (2019). Effects of the geopolitical risks on Bitcoin returns and volatility. Research in International Business and Finance, 47, 511–518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2018.09.011

Balcilar, M., Bonato, M., Demirer, R., & Gupta, R. (2018). Geopolitical risks and stock market dynamics of the BRICS. Economic Systems, 42(2), 295–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2017.05.008

Buchinsky, M. (1995). Estimating the asymptotic covariance matrix for quantile regression models: A Monte Carlo study. Journal of Econometrics, 68(2), 303–338.

Caldara, D., & Iacoviello, M. (2022). Measuring geopolitical risk. American Economic Review, 112(4), 1194–1225. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20191823

Chellaswamy, K. P., Natchimuthu, N., & Faniband, M. (2020). Stock market sensitivity to macroeconomic factors: Evidence from China and India. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 10(2), 146–159. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2020.102.146.159

Chellaswamy, K. P., Natchimuthu, N., & Faniband, M. (2021). Chinese and Indian stock markets: Linkages and interdependencies. Research in World Economy, 12(2), 228-239. https://doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v12n2p228

Dakhlaoui, I., & Aloui, C. (2016). The interactive relationship between the US economic policy uncertainty and BRIC stock markets. International Economics, 146, 141–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inteco.2015.12.002

Faniband, M., & Jadhav, P. (2023). Economic policy uncertainty and government bond prices. Indian Journal of Finance, 17(6), 63–73. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijf/2023/v17i6/171549

Faniband, M., Jadhav, P., & Marulkar, K. (2023). Impact of firm performance on stock returns: Evidence from large-cap, mid-cap and small-cap stocks. Indian Journal of Finance and Banking, 13(1), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.46281/ijfb.v13i1.1969

Faniband, M. (2021). Indian government bonds sensitivity to macroeconomic and non-macroeconomic factors: A quantile regression approach. Afro-Asian Journal of Finance and Accounting, 11(5), 772–786. https://doi.org/10.1504/AAJFA.2021.119480

Faniband, M. M., & Marulkar, K. V. (2020). Quarterly results and share prices : What happens on the date of earnings announcement? Finance India, 34(1), 153–162. https://financeindia.org/data/2020/FI341/FI-341-Art09.pdf

Hoque, M. E., & Zaidi, M. A. (2020). Global and country-specific geopolitical risk uncertainty and stock return of fragile emerging economies. Borsa Istanbul Review, 20(3), 197–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2020.05.001

Istiak, K., & Alam, M. R. (2020). US economic policy uncertainty spillover on the stock markets of the GCC countries. Journal of Economic Studies, 47(1), 36–50. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-11-2018-0388

Jagotra, S., & Singh, A. (2018). Impact of macroeconomic variables on small, mid and large cap stocks: A comparative study of India using VAR approach. MUDRA: Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(1), 90–101. https://doi.org/10.17492/mudra.v5i01.13038

Jena, S. K., Tiwari, A. K., Dash, A., & Aikins Abakah, E. J. (2021). Volatility spillover dynamics between large-, mid-, and small-cap stocks in the time-frequency domain: Implications for portfolio management. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14(11), 531. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14110531

Jiang, Y., Tian, G., Wu, Y., & Mo, B. (2022). Impacts of geopolitical risks and economic policy uncertainty on Chinese tourism-listed company stock. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 27(1), 320–333. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2155

Jung, S., Lee, J., & Lee, S. (2021). Geopolitical risk on stock returns: Evidence from Inter- Korea geopolitics (Working Paper No. 2021/251). International Monetary Fund. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781557759672.001

Kalra, N., & Gupta, G. (2023). Impact of economic policy uncertainty on the Indian stock market : An empirical investigation. Indian Journal of Finance, 17(3), 50–63. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijf/2023/v17i3/172672

Kannadhasan, M., & Das, D. (2020). Do Asian emerging stock markets react to international economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk alike? A quantile regression approach. Finance Research Letters, 34, 101276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2019.08.024

Khanra, S., & Dhir, S. (2017). Creating value in small-cap firms by mitigating risks of market volatility. Vision, 21(4), 350–355. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972262917733166

Koenker, R., & Bassett, G. (1978). Regression quantiles. Econometrica, 46(1), 33–50. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913643

Nayak, D., & Barodawala, R. (2021). The impact of macroeconomic factors on the Indian stock market : An assessment. Arthshastra Indian Journal of Economics & Research, 10(2–3), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2021/v10i2-3/167172

Rawat, A. S., & Arif, I. (2018). Does geopolitical risk drive equity price returns of BRIC economies? Evidence from quantile on quantile estimations. Journal of Finance & Economics Research (JFER), 3(2), 24–36. https://doi.org/10.20547/jfer1803202

Salisu, A. A., Ogbonna, A. E., Lasisi, L., & Olaniran, A. (2022). Geopolitical risk and stock market volatility in emerging markets: A GARCH – MIDAS approach. The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, 62, 101755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.najef.2022.101755

Škrinjarić, T., & Orlović, Z. (2020). Economic policy uncertainty and stock market spillovers: Case of selected CEE markets. Mathematics, 8(7), 1077. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8071077

Sunil, N., Purswani, G., & Benny, N. R. (2019). Interrelationship and interdependence among macroeconomic variables in India. Arthshastra Indian Journal of Economics & Research, 8(1), 50-60. https://doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2019/v8i1/142714

Syed, A. A., Tripathi, R., & Deewan, J. (2021). Investigating the impact of the first and second waves of the COVID - 19 pandemic on the Indian stock and commodity markets : An ARDL analysis of gold, oil, and stock market prices. Indian Journal of Finance, 15(12), 8–21. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijf/2021/v15i12/167306

Triki, M. B., & Ben Maatoug, A. (2021). The GOLD market as a safe haven against the stock market uncertainty: Evidence from geopolitical risk. Resources Policy, 70, 101872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101872

Wang, M.-C., Fang, M., & Ye, J.-K. (2013). Financial integration of large- and small-cap stocks in emerging markets. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 49(Sup4), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.2753/REE1540-496X4905S402

Yang, M., Zhang, Q., Yi, A., & Peng, P. (2021). Geopolitical risk and stock market volatility in emerging economies: Evidence from GARCH-MIDAS model. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, 2021, 1159358. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1159358

Youssef, M., Mokni, K., & Ajmi, A. N. (2021). Dynamic connectedness between stock markets in the presence of the COVID-19 pandemic: Does economic policy uncertainty matter? Financial Innovation, 7(1), Article 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-021-00227-3

Zhou, M.-J., Huang, J.-B., & Chen, J.-Y. (2020). The effects of geopolitical risks on the stock dynamics of China's rare metals: A TVP-VAR analysis. Resources Policy, 68, 101784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101784